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Wheat Market in Africa – Key Insights

Archives, Global Trade Daily, Imports/Exports

Wheat Market in Africa – Key Insights

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IndexBox has just published a new report, the Africa – Wheat – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the wheat market in Africa amounted to $15.5B in 2017, rising by 11% against the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). The wheat consumption continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2011, when it surged by 49% year-to-year. In that year, the wheat market attained its peak level of $21.9B. From 2012 to 2017, the growth of the wheat market remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Production in Africa

In 2017, approx. 27M tonnes of wheat were produced in Africa; picking up by 16% against the previous year. The total output volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.8% over the period from 2007 to 2017; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. 

Wheat Exports

The exports stood at 218K tonnes in 2017, declining by -20.4% against the previous year. The wheat exports continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. In value terms, wheat exports amounted to $63M (IndexBox estimates) in 2017. 

Exports by Country

South Africa was the major exporting country with the volume of exports totaling around 79K tonnes, which amounted to 36% of total exports. It was distantly followed by Tanzania (44K tonnes), Liberia (35K tonnes), Kenya (16K tonnes) and Mauritius (15K tonnes), together comprising 51% share of total exports. Zimbabwe (9.3K tonnes) and Mozambique (5.3K tonnes) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2007 to 2017, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by Mauritius (+62.1% per year), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, South Africa ($31M) remains the largest wheat supplier in Africa, comprising 49% of global exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Tanzania ($11M), with a 18% share of global exports. It was followed by Liberia, with a 8.6% share.

Export Prices by Country

In 2017, the wheat export price in Africa amounted to $288 per tonne, coming down by -8.2% against the previous year. The the export price continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern.

Export prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest export price was Zimbabwe ($401 per tonne), while Liberia ($154 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2017, the most notable rate of growth in terms of export prices was attained by Zimbabwe (+11.5% per year), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Wheat Imports

In 2017, the amount of wheat imported in Africa totaled 46M tonnes, remaining stable against the previous year. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +1.9% from 2007 to 2017; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations over the period under review.

In value terms, wheat imports stood at $10.2B (IndexBox estimates) in 2017. The wheat imports continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. In that year, wheat imports attained their peak of $13.6B. From 2012 to 2017, the growth of wheat imports remained at a lower figure.

Imports by Country

In 2017, Egypt (13M tonnes), distantly followed by Algeria (8.1M tonnes), Nigeria (3.9M tonnes), Morocco (3.6M tonnes) and Sudan (2.2M tonnes) were the largest importers of wheat, together committing 66% of total imports. The following importers – Tunisia (1.9M tonnes), Kenya (1.9M tonnes), South Africa (1.7M tonnes), Libya (1.2M tonnes), Ghana (1.1M tonnes), Mozambique (748K tonnes) and Ethiopia (730K tonnes) together made up 20% of total imports.

From 2007 to 2017, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Ghana (+12.6% per year), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Egypt ($2.3B), Algeria ($1.8B) and Nigeria ($1.3B) were the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2017, together accounting for 53% of total imports. Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, Kenya, South Africa, Ghana, Libya, Ethiopia and Mozambique lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 33%.

Import Prices by Country

In 2017, the wheat import price in Africa amounted to $221 per tonne, jumping by 5.6% against the previous year. The the wheat import price continues to indicate a slight descent. 

Import prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest import price was Nigeria ($342 per tonne), while Mozambique ($177 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2017, the most notable rate of growth in terms of import prices was attained by Libya (+8.6% per year), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

african sausage
Archives, Global Trade Daily, Imports/Exports

Africa’s Sausage Market Posts Third Consecutive Year of Growth

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘Africa – Sausages And Similar Products Of Meat – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the sausage market in Africa amounted to $6B in 2018, growing by 9.3% against the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price).

In general, sausage consumption continues to indicate a mild shrinkage. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016, with an increase of 17% against the previous year. The level of sausage consumption peaked at $7.4B in 2008; however, from 2009 to 2018, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Production in Africa

In 2018, sausage production in Africa amounted to 2M tonnes, coming down by -3.1% against the previous year.

Exports in Africa

In 2018, the amount of sausages and similar products of meat exported in Africa amounted to 12K tonnes, jumping by 2.3% against the previous year. The total exports indicated a prominent growth from 2008 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.7% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2018 figures, the sausage exports increased by +14.3% against 2016 indices.

In value terms, sausage exports totaled $21M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018. Over the period under review, sausage exports continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013, when exports increased by 16% y-o-y. In that year, sausage exports attained their peak of $30M. From 2014 to 2018, the growth of sausage exports failed to regain its momentum.

Exports by Country

South Africa prevails in sausage exports structure, amounting to 10K tonnes, which was near 86% of total exports in 2018. It was distantly followed by Kenya (1.2K tonnes), generating 9.8% share of total exports.

South Africa was also the fastest growing in terms of the sausages and similar products of meat exports, with a CAGR of +9.1% from 2008 to 2018. Kenya experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. While the share of South Africa (-50.2%) decreased significantly, the shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, South Africa ($16M) remains the largest sausage supplier in Africa, comprising 78% of total sausage exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Kenya ($3.5M), with a 17% share of total exports.

Export Prices by Country

In 2018, the sausage export price in Africa amounted to $1,793 per tonne, waning by -12.4% against the previous year. In general, the sausage export price continues to indicate an abrupt reduction.

Export prices varied noticeably by the country of origin; the country with the highest export price was Kenya ($3,057 per tonne), while South Africa totaled $1,619 per tonne.

From 2008 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of export prices was attained by Kenya.

Imports in Africa

The imports totaled 79K tonnes in 2018, declining by -12.6% against the previous year. The total imports indicated a notable expansion from 2008 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.4% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2018 figures, the sausage imports decreased by -36.0% against 2014 indices.

In value terms, sausage imports stood at $123M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Imports by Country

Angola dominates sausage imports structure, accounting for 48K tonnes, which was near 61% of total imports in 2018. It was distantly followed by Lesotho (6K tonnes), comprising 7.7% share of total imports. Gabon (2.9K tonnes), Ghana (2.6K tonnes), Mauritius (2.5K tonnes), Democratic Republic of the Congo (2.4K tonnes), Liberia (1.5K tonnes), Congo (1.5K tonnes), Cabo Verde (1.5K tonnes) and Mozambique (1.4K tonnes) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Imports into Angola increased at an average annual rate of +1.7% from 2008 to 2018. At the same time, Lesotho (+17.9%), Mozambique (+16.6%), Congo (+13.0%), Democratic Republic of the Congo (+12.1%), Mauritius (+6.3%), Gabon (+5.3%), Liberia (+3.7%), Cabo Verde (+2.2%) and Ghana (+1.0%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Lesotho emerged as the fastest growing importer in Africa, with a CAGR of +17.9% from 2008-2018. While the share of Democratic Republic of the Congo (-2.1%), Lesotho (-6.2%) and Angola (-9.5%) decreased significantly, the shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Angola ($60M) constitutes the largest market for imported sausages and similar products of meat in Africa, comprising 49% of total sausage imports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Lesotho ($9.1M), with a 7.4% share of total imports. It was followed by Mauritius, with a 5.5% share.

Import Prices by Country

The sausage import price in Africa stood at $1,558 per tonne in 2018, reducing by -4.6% against the previous year. Overall, the sausage import price continues to indicate a significant contraction.

Import prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest import price was Mauritius ($2,657 per tonne), while Ghana ($1,160 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2008 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of import prices was attained by Mauritius, while the other leaders experienced a decline in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

Archives, Global Trade Daily, International Trade

First African Forum for National Trade Facilitation Committees Seeks to Reduce Trade Complexities

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This week kicks off the First African Forum for National Trade Facilitation  event in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia focusing on international trade efforts. According to UNCTAD, the event “Aims to be the reference event in Africa where stakeholders from the public and private sector, can boost together their capacities towards the implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA),” (UNCTAD).

The primary focus of the forum honed in on international trade efforts, tariffs, the role of NTFCs in the implementation of trade facilitation provisions in the AfCFTA, paperless initiatives at entry points, the involvement of the private sector in NTFCs, how to coordinate border agencies, and the role of transit corridors and the implementation process of Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement signed in March of this year. The overarching goal of the agreement is to increase Intra-African trade efforts through peaceful relations while creating a single, free moving market for goods and services.

“The World Trade Organization calculates that current trade costs for developing countries are equivalent to applying a staggering 219% tariff on international trade, and this hurts Africa,” UNCTAD Secretary-General Mukhisa Kituyi said. “UNCTAD has supported Africa’s work on trade facilitation for decades, including with our ASYCUDA automated customs systems, and capacity building programmes. The culmination of this work is to support the institutions that can make trade work for all, and National Trade Facilitation Committees must become the agents of change to boost international trade for developing countries.”

With a centralized topic on simplifying the trade process within Sub-Saharan Africa, it’s estimated that trade costs could be reduced by 15% through successful efforts from well managed National Free Trade Committees.

“The forum is the result of close collaboration between multilateral and international organizations and is supported by several bilateral donors,” Shamika N. Sirimanne, director of UNCTAD’s division on technology and logistics, said. “The alliance showcases the collaborative effort of these institutions and donors to assist in moving forward opportunities for developing and least developed countries to integrate into globalized trade.”

As the forum moves into day two, the outcomes and solutions implemented are in high hopes of creating a better, more simplified trade sector for the region.

Source: UNCTAD

Archives, Global Trade Daily, International Trade

Advancing Global and Regional Trade in Africa through Intra-African Trade Fair

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December 11-17, 2018 at the Egypt International Exhibition Center in Cairo, all 55 African countries will converge for the first edition of the Intra-African Trade Fair (IATF). This is an initiative of the Africa Export Import Bank (Afreximbank) in collaboration with the African Union (AU) and supported by other partners around the world including the World Trade Center Miami.

Afreximbank, the convener of the trade fair, intends to use this platform to address the market information gap which in part is responsible for poor regional trade in Africa. Building a platform which provides access to the exchange of trade and market information will support the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area. The Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) currently being negotiated aims to establish an open market for goods, services and business persons within the continent. Even though the CFTA agreement has been signed by about eighty percent of the countries in Africa, the road to its full implementation is still far ahead.

 

The process of market and economic integration is complicated everywhere in the world and particularly in Africa where poor levels of industrialization and openness, lack of dispute management mechanisms and intellectual property protections remain major roadblocks. Nevertheless, market integration is extremely important and in fact, a survival strategy for Africa. From Cape to Cairo, the continent is too fragmented in many ways – the economy, landscape and logistics, to make any meaningful improvement on economic development and hinterland connectivity.

The good news is, despite all the challenges associated with doing business in Africa, economic integration is already happening through African corporate entrepreneurs and multinational corporations. A report on “Pioneering One Africa” by the Boston Consulting Group named 150 companies, 75 African companies and 75 multinational companies who are driving the Pan-African market and economic integration.

African airlines, financial institutions, telecoms operators and media companies are accelerating intra-African connectivity and market integration by expanding their operational network to many countries across Africa. Over the last decade, Africa has seen growth in the number of air routes by local airlines, bank branch network and telecommunications operations. For example, Ethiopian airlines serves about 40 destinations in the region while the United Bank for Africa (UBA) has branches in 19 African countries. The progress being made by these companies shows that a continental single market for Africa is not impossible.

To continue the market and economic integration pioneered by these local and multinational companies, a multi-dimensional approach is required by all stakeholders. One approach which has proven to be an effective tool for trade development is trade fairs where businesses engage face to face. The Intra-African Trade Fair will help African countries to develop closer economic ties and harmonize their regulatory procedures thereby leading to increased global and regional trade.

The multi-sector Intra-African Trade Fair anticipates over $25 billion worth of trade and investment deals from 70,000 attendees featuring country pavilions for African and non-African countries. Other sideline events include engagement sessions with leaders and top government officials.

The trade fair is a gateway into the African single market of over one billion people. It will not only boost trade within Africa, American companies and other global market players can leverage this unprecedented market entry opportunity to grow their network and expand business interests to Africa.

 

 Kemi Arosanyin is a Global Trade contributor and Director, Africa Trade Expansion Program at the World Trade Center Miami. She writes, speaks, and advises on trade and investment in sub-Saharan Africa.