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Report: Shortage of Equipment in the US & Northern Europe

equipment
Archives, Global Trade Daily, News

Report: Shortage of Equipment in the US & Northern Europe

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Equipment imbalances and empty container repositioning is a problem that accounts for $20 billion for the shipping industry annually, but due to the Coronavirus it got even worse for most carriers or NVOs. Especially in the US or Europe, companies are starting to experience frequent equipment shortages. This is a direct result of the ocean carriers’ blank sailing strategy which is triggered by the low/no volumes on major shipping routes. Based on ocean carriers’ comments and the Container Availability Index (CAx), it is expected that this trend will continue, if not only worsen.

The CAx forecasts supply and demand in container logistics for most of the biggest port locations for up to three weeks. It takes millions of containers tracked through the Container xChange online platform into account and shows that compared to 2019, containers are piling up in China. It shows values of 0.47 (20DCs), 0.94 (40DCs) and 0.71 (40HCs) for week 10 in Shanghai, China – a plus of 47% compared to week 10 last year.

Usually, it’s the other way around, but now we have a deficit of containers in North America and Europe, CAx values for Hamburg, Germany dropped by 33% to 0.07 (40HCs), 0.45 (40DCs) and 0.47 (20DCs). For Los Angeles, US, with CAx values of 0.25 (20DCs), 0.19 (40DCs) and 0.11 (40HCs) and Chicago, US with 0.02 (20DCs), 0.01 (40 DCs) and 0.11 (40HCs) it’s even worse and the forecast says it will not get better soon.

As a result of the blank sailings, it forces mainly NVOs to hold empty equipment longer than usual, incurring more demurrage & detention charges as well as chassis fees or repositioning equipment, where available, in addition to possible interchange fees. Additional surcharges and costs include Peak Season Surcharges (PSS), Container Imbalance Surcharge (CIS), Congestion Surcharges (CNS) and General Rate Increase (GRI). Feel free to use the CAx to find out about the equipment available in your port location.

A solution for how the problem can be tackled is the neutral online platform Container xChange. It lets NVOs identify partners for repositioning or find SOC containers to completely avoid demurrage & detention charges initially because shippers owned containers have just to be returned at the partner’s depot. Just type in your locations and find new partners in more than 2500 locations online.

veneer sheets
Archives, Global Trade Daily, News

Veneer Sheets Market in Asia-Pacific To Post Solid Gains

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘Asia-Pacific – Veneer Sheets – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the veneer sheets market in Asia-Pacific amounted to $10.8B in 2018. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). The market value increased at an average annual rate of +1.9% from 2007 to 2018; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. Over the period under review, the veneer sheets market reached its peak figure level in 2018 and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

Consumption By Country in Asia-Pacific

China (2.7M cubic meters) constituted the country with the largest volume of veneer sheets consumption, accounting for 33% of total volume. Moreover, veneer sheets consumption in China exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest consumer, Viet Nam (1.1M cubic meters), twofold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Indonesia (684K cubic meters), with a 8.2% share.

In China, veneer sheets consumption remained relatively stable over the period from 2007-2018. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Viet Nam (+20.9% per year) and Indonesia (+4.6% per year).

In value terms, the largest veneer sheets markets in Asia-Pacific were Viet Nam ($2.8B), China ($2.6B) and Malaysia ($1.7B), together accounting for 66% of the total market.

In 2018, the highest levels of veneer sheets per capita consumption was registered in New Zealand (99 cubic meters per 1000 persons), followed by Malaysia (19 cubic meters per 1000 persons), Viet Nam (12 cubic meters per 1000 persons) and South Korea (7.39 cubic meters per 1000 persons), while the world average per capita consumption of veneer sheets was estimated at 2 cubic meters per 1000 persons.

Market Forecast 2019-2025 in Asia-Pacific

Driven by increasing demand for veneer sheets in Asia-Pacific, the market is expected to continue an upward consumption trend over the next decade. Market performance is forecast to retain its current trend pattern, expanding with an anticipated CAGR of +2.2% for the period from 2018 to 2030, which is projected to bring the market volume to 11M cubic meters by the end of 2030.

Production in Asia-Pacific

In 2018, the veneer sheets production in Asia-Pacific stood at 7.4M cubic meters, standing approx. at the previous year. The total output volume increased at an average annual rate of +1.2% from 2007 to 2018; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations in certain years. Over the period under review, veneer sheets production reached its maximum volume at 7.8M cubic meters in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, production stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Production By Country in Asia-Pacific

China (3M cubic meters) remains the largest veneer sheets producing country in Asia-Pacific, accounting for 40% of total volume. Moreover, veneer sheets production in China exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Viet Nam (1.1M cubic meters), threefold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Indonesia (761K cubic meters), with a 10% share.

From 2007 to 2018, the average annual growth rate of volume in China was relatively modest. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: Viet Nam (+20.6% per year) and Indonesia (+5.9% per year).

Exports in Asia-Pacific

In 2018, approx. 817K cubic meters of veneer sheets were exported in Asia-Pacific; going up by 12% against the previous year. The total exports indicated a prominent expansion from 2007 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +5.3% over the last eleven-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The volume of exports peaked in 2018 and are likely to see steady growth in the near future. In value terms, veneer sheets exports amounted to $843M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Exports by Country

China represented the key exporter of veneer sheets exported in Asia-Pacific, with the volume of exports accounting for 508K cubic meters, which was near 62% of total exports in 2018. Indonesia (97K cubic meters) occupied the second position in the ranking, followed by Myanmar (61K cubic meters) and New Zealand (54K cubic meters). All these countries together held approx. 26% share of total exports. The following exporters – Viet Nam (24K cubic meters) and Malaysia (24K cubic meters) – each recorded a 6% share of total exports.

Exports from China increased at an average annual rate of +10.0% from 2007 to 2018. At the same time, Indonesia (+15.8%), Myanmar (+14.0%) and Viet Nam (+10.7%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Indonesia emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in Asia-Pacific, with a CAGR of +15.8% from 2007-2018. By contrast, New Zealand (-1.5%) and Malaysia (-7.1%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period.

In value terms, China ($448M) remains the largest veneer sheets supplier in Asia-Pacific, comprising 53% of total veneer sheets exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Indonesia ($88M), with a 10% share of total exports. It was followed by Malaysia, with a 9% share.

Export Prices by Country

The veneer sheets export price in Asia-Pacific stood at $1,032 per cubic meter in 2018, reducing by -1.7% against the previous year. Overall, the veneer sheets export price continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of origin; the country with the highest price was Malaysia ($3,129 per cubic meter), while New Zealand ($684 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Viet Nam, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Imports in Asia-Pacific

In 2018, the veneer sheets imports in Asia-Pacific totaled 1.7M cubic meters, picking up by 5.6% against the previous year. In general, veneer sheets imports continue to indicate buoyant growth. In value terms, veneer sheets imports totaled $1.1B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Imports by Country

Japan (515K cubic meters) and India (351K cubic meters) represented the main importers of veneer sheets in 2018, reaching near 30% and 20% of total imports, respectively. China (227K cubic meters) held a 13% share (based on tonnes) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by South Korea (9.4%), Taiwan, Chinese (7.2%), Malaysia (5.7%) and Viet Nam (5.1%).

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by India, while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, India ($227M), Japan ($185M) and Viet Nam ($114M) constituted the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2018, together accounting for 49% of total imports.

Import Prices by Country

The veneer sheets import price in Asia-Pacific stood at $619 per cubic meter in 2018, growing by 5.9% against the previous year. In general, the veneer sheets import price, however, continues to indicate a slight decrease.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2018, the country with the highest price was Viet Nam ($1,293 per cubic meter), while Japan ($358 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Malaysia, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

MDF
Archives, Global Trade Daily, Trade Cycle

The EU MDF Market to Post Moderate But Steady Growth

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘EU – MDF – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the MDF market in the European Union amounted to $5.3B in 2018. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). The market value increased at an average annual rate of +5.5% over the period from 2013 to 2018; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations in certain years. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 when the market value increased by 12% y-o-y. In that year, the market attained its peak level and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

Consumption by Country

Poland (3.3M cubic meters) constituted the country with the largest volume of MDF consumption, accounting for 28% of total volume. Moreover, MDF consumption in Poland exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest consumer, Italy (1.3M cubic meters), threefold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by the UK (1.3M cubic meters), with a 11% share.

In Poland, MDF consumption expanded at an average annual rate of +6.6% over the period from 2013-2018. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Italy (+7.5% per year) and the UK (+2.7% per year).

In value terms, the largest MDF markets in the European Union were Poland ($1.3B), Italy ($713M) and the UK ($657M), together accounting for 50% of the total market. France, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Romania, Portugal, Austria, Sweden and Hungary lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 39%.

In 2018, the highest levels of MDF per capita consumption was registered in Poland (87 cubic meters per 1000 persons), followed by Portugal (38 cubic meters per 1000 persons), Romania (29 cubic meters per 1000 persons) and Austria (28 cubic meters per 1000 persons), while the world average per capita consumption of MDF was estimated at 23 cubic meters per 1000 persons.

Market Forecast to 2030

Driven by increasing demand for MDF in the European Union, the market is expected to continue an upward consumption trend over the next decade. Market performance is forecast to decelerate, expanding with an anticipated CAGR of +2.4% for the period from 2018 to 2030, which is projected to bring the market volume to 16M cubic meters by the end of 2030.

Production in the EU

The volume of MDF production totaled 13M cubic meters in 2018, remaining constant against the previous year. The total output increased at an average annual rate of +2.7% from 2013 to 2018; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2015 with an increase of 8.4% y-o-y. The volume of MDF production peaked at 13M cubic meters in 2017, leveling off in the following year.

Production by Country

Poland (3.6M cubic meters) remains the largest MDF producing country in the European Union, accounting for 28% of total volume. Moreover, MDF production in Poland exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Spain (1.5M cubic meters), twofold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Germany (1.5M cubic meters), with a 11% share.

In Poland, MDF production expanded at an average annual rate of +4.8% over the period from 2013-2018. In Spain, the average annual rates stood at +6.3% per year, while in Germany, the volume of production practically mirrored its outset level of 2013.

Exports in the EU

In 2018, the amount of MDF exported in the European Union amounted to 6.5M cubic meters, remaining relatively unchanged against the previous year. Overall, MDF exports, however, continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 when exports increased by 3.3% y-o-y. In that year, MDF exports attained their peak of 6.7M cubic meters. From 2017 to 2018, the growth of mdf exports failed to regain its momentum. In value terms, MDF exports amounted to $3.3B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Exports by Country

In 2018, Germany (1.5M cubic meters), distantly followed by Belgium (1,012K cubic meters), Poland (682K cubic meters), Spain (643K cubic meters), France (436K cubic meters), Austria (404K cubic meters) and Ireland (322K cubic meters) were the major exporters of MDF , together comprising 77% of total exports. Romania (261K cubic meters), Portugal (259K cubic meters), Italy (218K cubic meters), Hungary (185K cubic meters) and Slovenia (136K cubic meters) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2013 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by France, while exports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest MDF supplying countries in the European Union were Germany ($854M), Belgium ($565M) and Austria ($317M), with a combined 53% share of total exports. These countries were followed by Spain, Poland, France, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Hungary and Slovenia, which together accounted for a further 39%.

Export Prices by Country

The MDF export price in the European Union stood at $503 per cubic meter in 2018, picking up by 7% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export prices for MDF reached their maximum in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, export prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of origin; the country with the highest price was Austria ($784 per cubic meter), while Romania ($292 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2013 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Italy, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Imports in the EU

In 2018, approx. 5.3M cubic meters of MDF were imported in the European Union; going up by 5.3% against the previous year. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +5.2% from 2013 to 2018; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being observed throughout the analyzed period. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 with an increase of 8.6% against the previous year. The volume of imports peaked in 2018 and are expected to retain its growth in the immediate term. In value terms, MDF imports stood at $2.6B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Imports by Country

The countries with the highest levels of MDF imports in 2018 were Italy (599K cubic meters), the UK (570K cubic meters), the Netherlands (469K cubic meters), Germany (463K cubic meters), France (433K cubic meters), Poland (411K cubic meters), Belgium (335K cubic meters), Portugal (269K cubic meters), Spain (249K cubic meters), Sweden (212K cubic meters) and Romania (201K cubic meters), together acoounting for 80% of total import.

From 2013 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Poland, while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest MDF importing markets in the European Union were the UK ($338M), Germany ($269M) and Italy ($255M), with a combined 33% share of total imports. France, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland, Belgium, Sweden, Portugal, Romania and Austria lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 49%.

Import Prices by Country

The MDF import price in the European Union stood at $492 per cubic meter in 2018, rising by 4.9% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the mdf import price, however, continues to indicate a slight curtailment.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was the UK ($593 per cubic meter), while Poland ($320 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2013 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Spain, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

grapefruit juice
Archives, Global Trade Daily

Global Grapefruit Juice Market: France, the Netherlands, and Germany Account for 52% of World Imports

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘World – Grapefruit Juice – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

Imports 2007-2018

In 2018, the amount of grapefruit juice (single strength) imported worldwide amounted to 116K tonnes, reducing by -4.3% against the previous year. Over the period under review, grapefruit juice (single strength) imports continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2008 when imports increased by 36% against the previous year. In that year, global grapefruit juice (single strength) imports attained their peak of 173K tonnes. From 2009 to 2018, the growth of global grapefruit juice (single strength) imports failed to regain its momentum.

In value terms, grapefruit juice (single strength) imports amounted to $126M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018. The total import value increased at an average annual rate of +1.3% over the period from 2007 to 2018; however, the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period.

Imports by Country

In 2018, the Netherlands (24K tonnes), France (23K tonnes), Germany (16K tonnes) and Belgium (13K tonnes) represented the main importer of grapefruit juice (single strength) imported in the world, making up 65% of total import. It was distantly followed by the UK (7,504 tonnes), generating a 6.4% share of total imports. Japan (4,430 tonnes), Canada (3,919 tonnes), China (2,861 tonnes), Italy (2,157 tonnes), Switzerland (2,078 tonnes) and Sweden (1,924 tonnes) held a little share of total imports.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by China, while imports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, France ($28M), the Netherlands ($24M) and Germany ($14M) appeared to be the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2018, with a combined 52% share of global imports. Belgium, the UK, Japan, Canada, Switzerland, Italy, Sweden and China lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 35%.

Among the main importing countries, China experienced the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, over the period under review, while imports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2018, the average grapefruit juice (single strength) import price amounted to $1,085 per tonne, picking up by 14% against the previous year. Over the period from 2007 to 2018, it increased at an average annual rate of +2.1%. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2018 an increase of 14% against the previous year. In that year, the average import prices for grapefruit juice (single strength) attained their peak level and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2018, the country with the highest price was Japan ($1,686 per tonne), while China ($849 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Exports 2007-2018

Global exports totaled 131K tonnes in 2018, stabilizing at the previous year. Overall, grapefruit juice (single strength) exports, however, continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2010 with an increase of 17% against the previous year. The global exports peaked at 178K tonnes in 2011; however, from 2012 to 2018, exports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, grapefruit juice (single strength) exports totaled $131M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018. Overall, grapefruit juice (single strength) exports, however, continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern.

Exports by Country

In 2018, Israel (27K tonnes) and the Netherlands (26K tonnes) represented the largest exporters of grapefruit juice (single strength) in the world, together resulting at approx. 40% of total exports. The U.S. (16K tonnes) occupied a 12% share (based on tonnes) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Mexico (11%), Belgium (10%) and Germany (5.5%). France (5,365 tonnes), Spain (3,644 tonnes) and Italy (2,662 tonnes) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by Italy, while exports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest grapefruit juice (single strength) supplying countries worldwide were Israel ($27M), the Netherlands ($26M) and Belgium ($16M), with a combined 52% share of global exports. These countries were followed by the U.S., Mexico, Germany, France, Spain and Italy, which together accounted for a further 37%.

Italy experienced the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of exports, among the main exporting countries over the period under review, while exports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2018, the average grapefruit juice (single strength) export price amounted to $999 per tonne, going up by 12% against the previous year. Over the period from 2007 to 2018, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.2%. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2018 when the average export price increased by 12% y-o-y. In that year, the average export prices for grapefruit juice (single strength) reached their peak level and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of origin; the country with the highest price was France ($1,266 per tonne), while Spain ($831 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Israel, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

ro/ro
Archives, Global Trade Daily, U.S. Ports

DOMINATE AND EXPAND: THIS STRATEGY PROPELS RO/RO LEADING PORTS OF BALTIMORE AND SAVANNAH/BRUNSWICK

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Being the Nos. 1 & 2 busiest roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) ports in the nation isn’t quite good enough for the ports of Baltimore and Savannah/Brunswick. At least the Maryland Port Authority and Georgia Ports Authority are not resting on their laurels, anyway. These East Coast ports are doing their best to maintain their top-two rankings through initiatives such as investments in expansion and training programs for warehouse workers that are designed to increase efficiency and reduce damage and accidents in the loading/unloading process.

These growth initiatives are helping to not just cement the ports’ statuses in the Ro/Ro world—Baltimore has been the No. 1 Ro/Ro port in the United States for eight years running—but it’s making them even more desirable and competitive places for automobile manufacturers to do business.

Port of Baltimore

The Port of Baltimore continues to expand and thrive despite an uncertain trade climate. Larry Johnson, sales manager of Trade Development, Automotive, credits his port’s success to efforts to maintain positive relationships with their automotive industry partners, keeping those industry partners loyal.

One such partner, Volkswagen Group of America, recently began a partnership with Port of Baltimore to begin importing vehicles through the Tradeport Atlantic in Sparrows Point, which could provide an increase of 120,000 vehicles annually—and an additional 100 jobs.

The port also benefits from its proximity to the Midwest—it’s the closest seaport to Middle America—and with top notch services like efficient rail, cargo can get to destinations faster than from any other port on the East Coast. Baltimore’s strategic location is within two-thirds of the U.S. with just an overnight drive.

The Baltimore port’s training initiatives have helped cultivate the lowest damage rates in the industry. The port has also pioneered a program, Ro/Ro Rodeo, which is an intensive class to educate manufacturers in the highly specialized processes required to handle each specific type of vehicle that is processed through the port. Ro/Ro Rodeo has even developed a program for the highly specialized processing of farm and other industrial equipment

With almost 200 acres of pavement at the Dundalk Marine Terminal alone, the Port of Baltimore consistently breaks its own records for Ro/Ro processes, often increasing its volume as frequently as month to month, and their investments in expansion and training will likely keep that volume increasing for years to come.

“The Port of Baltimore is the No. 1 auto port in the nation and continues to break cargo records every month,” says Maryland Governor Larry Hogan in the September/October 2019 edition of Helen Delich Bentley Port of Baltimore Magazine. “Our administration is committed to furthering this growth and strongly supports our great port and its thousands of hardworking men and women handling the millions of tons of cargo coming in throughout the year.”

Ports of Savannah and Brunswick, Georgia

The Georgia Ports Authority (GPA) is the No. 2 Ro/Ro port in the United States. Its Port of Savannah increased volume almost 250,000 TEUs in 2019, according to the GPA. This growth of 5.6 percent over the previous year came at a time when auto sales are actually dropping–a true testament to the hard work of the port employees at Savannah and Brunswick.

A banner year for the ports, the Ocean Terminal recently won contracts with both Volvo and General Motors. The Colonel’s Island Terminal in Brunswick is a Ro/Ro-only port that is already home to International Auto Processing, Wallenius Wilhelmsen Solutions and Mercedes Benz USA.

The GPA properties are undergoing an expansion that will eventually create an additional 150,000 spaces for automobiles, bumping their processing capacity from 900,000 annually to 1.5 million. There are currently three dedicated Ro/Ro berths that process cargo via nine different steamship lines.

“Both Savannah and Brunswick are outperforming the market, with Garden City container trade growing at a rate three times faster than the U.S. total, and Brunswick Ro/Ro units increasing despite a drop in U.S. vehicle sales in 2019,” says GPA Board Chairman Will McKnight in a Jan. 28 statement.

Growth Despite Uncertainty

Strategic locations, ample space and work ethics that include faster cargo processing, in-depth training and safety records that far eclipse many competing ports are just a few reasons that these ports are leading the pack in Ro/Ro. With the onset of trade tariffs, such as those imposed on China, and reports that the United States’ manufacturing industry has experienced slowed growth recently, these ports have nevertheless managed to increase growth consistently. Growth when economic uncertainly looms large is a true testament to the power of excellent service and sound investment.

If these and other Ro/Ro ports can continue to capitalize on trends such as exporting goods to other countries competing for business with China, they will have learned that they can not just maintain their positions in the Ro/Ro processing rankings, but keep growing.

plywood
Archives, Foreign Trade Zones, Global Trade Daily

Plywood Market in the Middle East is Set to Expand Robustly

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘Middle East – Plywood – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the plywood market in the Middle East amounted to $1.4B in 2018, increasing by 1.9% against the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). The total market indicated a remarkable expansion from 2007 to 2018: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.1% over the last eleven-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period.

Consumption by Country

The countries with the highest volumes of plywood consumption in 2018 were the United Arab Emirates (726K cubic meters), Saudi Arabia (648K cubic meters) and Qatar (394K cubic meters), together comprising 51% of total consumption. Israel, Turkey, Iraq and Oman lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 30%.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of plywood consumption, amongst the main consuming countries, was attained by Oman, while plywood consumption for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest plywood markets in the Middle East were the United Arab Emirates ($260M), Saudi Arabia ($233M) and Israel ($215M), together comprising 50% of the total market. Turkey, Qatar, Iraq and Oman lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 32%.

The countries with the highest levels of plywood per capita consumption in 2018 were Qatar (136 cubic meters per 1000 persons), the United Arab Emirates (71 cubic meters per 1000 persons) and Israel (43 cubic meters per 1000 persons).

Market Forecast to 2030

Driven by increasing demand for plywood in the Middle East, the market is expected to continue an upward consumption trend over the next decade. Market performance is forecast to decelerate, expanding with an anticipated CAGR of +2.8% for the period from 2018 to 2030, which is projected to bring the market volume to 4.8M cubic meters by the end of 2030.

Production in the Middle East

In 2018, approx. 263K cubic meters of plywood were produced in the Middle East; surging by 2.7% against the previous year. In general, plywood production, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2010 with an increase of 5.1% against the previous year.

Production by Country

The countries with the highest volumes of plywood production in 2018 were Turkey (112K cubic meters), Israel (109K cubic meters) and Lebanon (34K cubic meters), together comprising 97% of total production.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of plywood production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by Israel, while plywood production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Exports in the Middle East

In 2018, approx. 171K cubic meters of plywood were exported in the Middle East; increasing by 26% against the previous year. In general, plywood exports continue to indicate prominent growth. The volume of exports peaked at 180K cubic meters in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2018, exports stood at a somewhat lower figure. In value terms, plywood exports stood at $65M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Exports by Country

The United Arab Emirates (70K cubic meters) and Saudi Arabia (59K cubic meters) were the major exporters of plywood in 2018, reaching near 41% and 35% of total exports, respectively. Turkey (25K cubic meters) held a 14% share (based on tonnes) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Palestine (5.8%). Kuwait (2,719 cubic meters) occupied a little share of total exports.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by Kuwait, while exports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the United Arab Emirates ($24M), Saudi Arabia ($18M) and Turkey ($13M) constituted the countries with the highest levels of exports in 2018, together comprising 83% of total exports.

Export Prices by Country

The plywood export price in the Middle East stood at $381 per cubic meter in 2018, declining by -4% against the previous year. Overall, the plywood export price continues to indicate a moderate contraction.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2018, the country with the highest price was Palestine ($806 per cubic meter), while Kuwait ($223 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Palestine, while the other leaders experienced a decline in the export price figures.

Imports in the Middle East

In 2018, approx. 3.3M cubic meters of plywood were imported in the Middle East; falling by -2.7% against the previous year. The total imports indicated a strong expansion from 2007 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +4.6% over the last eleven years. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2018 figures, plywood imports increased by +18.9% against 2016 indices. Over the period under review, plywood imports reached their peak figure at 3.4M cubic meters in 2017, and then declined slightly in the following year. In value terms, plywood imports totaled $1.3B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Imports by Country

In 2018, the United Arab Emirates (796K cubic meters) and Saudi Arabia (707K cubic meters) were the largest importers of plywood in the Middle East, together comprising 45% of total imports. It was distantly followed by Qatar (395K cubic meters), Israel (255K cubic meters), Iraq (219K cubic meters), Oman (181K cubic meters), Turkey (175K cubic meters) and Kuwait (154K cubic meters), together comprising a 41% share of total imports.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Oman, while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest plywood importing markets in the Middle East were the United Arab Emirates ($272M), Saudi Arabia ($250M) and Israel ($153M), with a combined 52% share of total imports. Qatar, Turkey, Iraq, Oman and Kuwait lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 33%.

Import Prices by Country

The plywood import price in the Middle East stood at $389 per cubic meter in 2018, picking up by 9% against the previous year. In general, the plywood import price continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2011 when the import price increased by 26% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the import prices for plywood reached their maximum at $528 per cubic meter in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, import prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was Israel ($597 per cubic meter), while Qatar ($292 per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Saudi Arabia, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

manufacturing
3pls, Archives, Global Trade Daily

How You Can Avoid Problems When Manufacturing to China

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If you haven’t worked with a Chinese manufacturer before but are intending to start now, this article is for you. From the onset, we must inform you that you are in for a lot of positive gains, but you need to be ready for occasional production problems. One day you are panicking after a factory delays your products, the other day you are petitioning a manufacturer for refusing to rework substandard goods and another time you are running after a supplier who walked out on you without prior warning. Don’t get us wrong: There are many good manufacturers in China, but there is no harm in being cautious.

To set up a company in China, you must know and avoid the pitfalls that rogue manufacturers have led many foreign companies into. Remember that when it gets to product development, you have your own customers waiting for your deliveries, so you need a manufacturer who delivers quality products and in a timely manner. That being said, which mistakes must you avoid when manufacturing in China? How do you avoid them?

1. Entrusting manufacturers with your business interests

Trust is vital in business, but you must not trust anyone with your business interests. Do not forget that learning some words and phrases is crucial at the point so that you could do some basic communication. For more complex communication, a company that provides Chinese translation services needs to be hired so that no misunderstanding happens. When working with a Chinese manufacturer, avoid the mistake of allowing the manufacturer to control the quality of your products or the delivery time. Many entrepreneurs have made the mistake of sticking around even after realizing that a manufacturer or supplier is incompetent, probably because they are afraid to lose their pre-paid deposits. Tell you what; you would rather walk away and lose a small deposit than stick around and end up with substandard goods that will ruin your existing reputation.

Also, a small deposit may not be worth the frustrations that you will cause your customers by keeping them out of supply for long.

Another way of protecting your interests when dealing with a Chinese manufacturer is to always have an inspector or an agent on-site, constantly updating you on every stage of your product development process. A Chinese recruitment agency can help you find and recruit a reputable agent for that role. If the manufacturer tries any underhand strategies, you can easily stop them in their tracks. You will always be a step ahead of them.

2. Prioritizing fast delivery over quality

For what it is worth, quality must always come before delivery speed for as far as product development is concerned. Product development requires tons of time and effort to be successful. And because your customers want top-quality products, you must not compromise quality for anything. The challenge that is unique to China, however, is that when you pressurize the manufacturer too much, they may not tell you outright. Instead, they will lower the manufacturing standards so as to avoid possible delays.

On the other hand, there are reported cases of Chinese manufacturers’ hiking production costs upon realizing how much value you’ve attached to the quality of your product.

How, then, do you find a workable balance? Again, sending a local agent to supervise the manufacturing process would be a great option for you. Because the agent understands the Chinese business culture and language perfectly, he/she will know how to send your message across without scaring away good manufacturers and/or falling into the trap of quack manufacturers who hike production costs for no apparent reasons.

3. Relying too much on a manufacturer’s past reputation

Previous success can be used to gauge the performance of a manufacturer in the west, but not necessarily in the east. Chinese companies with reasonably good reputations have in the past frustrated many foreign investors, sometimes to the point of collapsing entire investments. Don’t make the mistake of trusting a manufacturer based on your past experiences with them; always be on high alert knowing that they can disappoint you at any moment.

The fact that a Chinese manufacturer hasn’t failed you yet isn’t a guarantee that they will not unexpectedly drop their manufacturing quality and damage your reputation.

There are many manufacturers in China today who are holding onto projects such as yours as their only means of survival. If you allow them the chance to rebuild using your money, they will fancy their chances without looking back. There are also manufacturers who are protected by government bureaucrats, so they don’t care too much about their reputation with foreign businesses. They will mess you up and continue with their daily operations as if nothing happened. You must, therefore, never drop your guard: Always be hands-on and control the behavior of your Chinese manufacturer.

wood charcoal
Archives, Global Trade Daily, News

Global Wood Charcoal Market Reached $24B, Buoyed By Robust Demand in Africa

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘World – Wood Charcoal – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The global wood charcoal market revenue amounted to $24.2B in 2018, remaining relatively unchanged against the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). The market value increased at an average annual rate of +2.6% from 2007 to 2018; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The global wood charcoal consumption peaked in 2018 and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

Consumption By Country

The countries with the highest volumes of wood charcoal consumption in 2018 were Brazil (5.5M tonnes), Ethiopia (4.4M tonnes) and Nigeria (4.2M tonnes), together accounting for 28% of global consumption. These countries were followed by India, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Tanzania, China, Thailand, Madagascar, Egypt and Zambia, which together accounted for a further 33%.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of wood charcoal consumption, amongst the main consuming countries, was attained by Madagascar, while wood charcoal consumption for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest wood charcoal markets worldwide were Brazil ($2.5B), Ethiopia ($2.2B) and Zambia ($2B), with a combined 27% share of the global market.

The countries with the highest levels of wood charcoal per capita consumption in 2018 were Zambia (74 kg per person), Ghana (68 kg per person) and Madagascar (60 kg per person).

Market Forecast 2019-2025

Driven by increasing demand for wood charcoal worldwide, the market is expected to continue an upward consumption trend over the next decade. Market performance is forecast to retain its current trend pattern, expanding with an anticipated CAGR of +1.6% for the period from 2018 to 2030, which is projected to bring the market volume to 62M tonnes by the end of 2030.

Production 2007-2018

In 2018, approx. 52M tonnes of wood charcoal were produced worldwide; flattening at the previous year. Over the period under review, wood charcoal production continues to indicate a modest increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 with an increase of 3.3% y-o-y.

Production By Country

The countries with the highest volumes of wood charcoal production in 2018 were Brazil (5.5M tonnes), Nigeria (4.5M tonnes) and Ethiopia (4.4M tonnes), together comprising 28% of global production. India, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Tanzania, China, Madagascar, Thailand, Egypt and Zambia lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 33%.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of wood charcoal production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by Madagascar, while wood charcoal production for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Exports 2007-2018

Global exports amounted to 3M tonnes in 2018, jumping by 20% against the previous year. In general, the total exports indicated a resilient expansion from 2007 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.4% over the last eleven-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. In value terms, wood charcoal exports stood at $1.4B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Exports by Country

In 2018, Indonesia (511K tonnes), distantly followed by Nigeria (280K tonnes), Myanmar (190K tonnes), Poland (185K tonnes) and Ukraine (174K tonnes) were the key exporters of wood charcoal, together comprising 45% of total exports. Namibia (126K tonnes), Viet Nam (123K tonnes), China (110K tonnes), Paraguay (106K tonnes), Cuba (102K tonnes), the Philippines (99K tonnes) and India (97K tonnes) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by India, while exports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Indonesia ($288M) remains the largest wood charcoal supplier worldwide, comprising 21% of global exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Poland ($120M), with a 8.7% share of global exports. It was followed by China, with a 6.7% share.

Export Prices by Country

In 2018, the average wood charcoal export price amounted to $463 per tonne, approximately mirroring the previous year. Over the period from 2007 to 2018, it increased at an average annual rate of +2.2%. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 when the average export price increased by 13% y-o-y. The global export price peaked in 2018 and is expected to retain its growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2018, the country with the highest price was China ($845 per tonne), while Myanmar ($172 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Viet Nam, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Imports 2007-2018

In 2018, the amount of wood charcoal imported worldwide amounted to 2.8M tonnes, going up by 22% against the previous year. In general, the total imports indicated a remarkable expansion from 2007 to 2018: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.4% over the last eleven-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. In value terms, wood charcoal imports totaled $1.3B (IndexBox estimates) in 2018.

Imports by Country

The imports of the twelve major importers of wood charcoal, namely Germany, Japan, Poland, China, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, France, the U.S., the UK, the Netherlands, South Africa and Turkey, represented more than half of total import.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Thailand, while imports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Germany ($129M), Japan ($124M) and Saudi Arabia ($73M) constituted the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2018, together accounting for 25% of global imports.

Japan recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, among the main importing countries over the period under review, while imports for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2018, the average wood charcoal import price amounted to $467 per tonne, remaining stable against the previous year. Over the last eleven-year period, it increased at an average annual rate of +2.4%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2011 an increase of 8.4% against the previous year. The global import price peaked at $479 per tonne in 2016; however, from 2017 to 2018, import prices failed to regain their momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was the U.S. ($601 per tonne), while Thailand ($144 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Saudi Arabia, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

wine
Archives, Global Trade Daily, In The News

U.S. WINE INDUSTRY IS DROWNING ITS SORROWS OVER TRANSATLANTIC TRADE SPAT

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Tipsy trade policy

The United States imported $6.5 billion worth of wine in 2018, equal to 17 percent of total wine imports worldwide. We like our Rioja from Spain, Bordeaux from France, and Italian Vernaccia as much as our California counterparts.

Instead of toasting, American wine importers — and the many businesses that rely on imported wine, from distributors to wine shop owners to restaurateurs — are protesting. Why? Because the administration was seriously considering raising tariffs to 100 percent on a range of imported Euro

pean products, including French, German and Spanish wine.

Imported European wines are already more expensive due to a 25 percent the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) imposed in October 2019. The wine industry is concerned that raising the tariff to 100 percent will cost thousands of jobs as the higher prices on European wines knock out a large chunk of the industry’s wholesale and consumer sales.

A drunken trade brawl

European wine is but a pawn in a decades old trade dispute. In October, the World Trade Organization (WTO) found that Airbus, a European aerospace corporation and Boeing’s big rival, had illegally received over $22 billion in state-sanctioned subsidies. The WTO authorized the United States to apply retaliatory tariffs on as much as $7.5 billion worth of European exports each year until the subsidies are removed.

Under U.S. law, the USTR must review and possibly revise (maybe increase) or “rotate” the list of products subject to tariffs after 120 days, known as “carousel retaliation,” to ensure the tariffs are causing enough pain to induce a negotiated resolution.

Even if wine were spared a tariff increase in the aircraft case, a new front has opened in this trade brawl. In July last year, France announced its Digital Services Tax, a tax of three percent on revenues generated in France by a digital company, independent of where that company was established. The tax appears targeted at American companies like Google and Facebook and was denounced by President Trump. When it became clear France had no intention of backing down, the U.S. administration threatened tariffs of up to 100 percent on popular European imports — including wine.

Value of US wine imports

Friends don’t let friends retaliate

The U.S. wine industry is getting whiplash from the prospects of cross-retaliation in this trade war. The Europeans are also awaiting a WTO verdict on their case against Boeing subsidies that could authorize tariffs on U.S. imports. One-third of total U.S. wine exports, some $469 million worth, come from California shipping wine to the European Union, making it a prime target for retaliatory tariffs. The European Union could also decide to counter with tariffs in protest of the U.S. response to France’s digital tax.

Wine tariffs will not age well

An attack on wine strikes at the hearts of many. French and Italian wines alone account for one-third of the $70-billion U.S. wine market. The very biggest wine distributors may be able to afford to absorb the cost to remain competitive, but smaller importers and distributors will have a much harder time. The higher costs are passed along to distributors, drivers, specialty retailers, supermarkets and hotels, hitting everyone from the specialist Italian wine store to the French bistro that makes its margin on alcohol sales to the forklift operator in the warehouse. Wine sales also generate local and state tax revenue, particularly in states like Mississippi and Pennsylvania where the Liquor Control Board is the main wine buyer and seller.

In January, House Small Business Committee Chair Nydia M. Velazquez (D-NY) and eight Committee Democrats sent a letter to U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer voicing their fears about the tariffs’ impact on small businesses in the United States. They project that even the original 25 percent tariff could cost as many as 12,000 American jobs. A 100 percent tariff could risk 78,000 American jobs.

The 106 bipartisan members of the Congressional Wine Caucus also got together in January to send their own letter to Lighthizer, urging him to leave wine out of the sanctions, emphasizing the potentially crippling effects on America’s $220 billion wine economy.

Risk to wine chain of 100% tariff

Reason to celebrate?

Last week, the USTR made a sobering decision not to raise tariffs on imported European wines as part of the carousel review.

The entire industry is breathing a small sigh of relief, even producers in California. They would be unlikely to benefit significantly from the loss of competition from European wines. Due to laws on provenance, it is literally impossible to produce Chablis or Champagne anywhere else but France, for example. And compared to numerous competitors across the world, American producers have higher labor costs and limited supplies that could not fill the giant hole in the U.S. market left by European wines. Instead it seems likely that lower-cost South African and South American wine would be the beneficiaries as the more economical switch. Tariffs are a lose-lose for the U.S. industry.

In Vino Veritas

The tariffs are not an end unto themselves. They are meant to raise the stakes and bring the parties to the negotiating table. European trade officials appear to be contemplating measures to mitigate the trade row. Officials in Washington state appear to be reviewing its tax incentives to Boeing. The United States is seeking an international resolution to the question of digital taxes and French economy minister Bruno LeMaire seems more interested to resolve the digital tax dispute with President Trump.

Meanwhile, the U.S. wine industry cannot raise a glass. They must continue to live with the consequences of the 25 percent tariff, which they say could cost as much as $1.6 billion in lost wages throughout the distribution chain.

As for American wine lovers, another terrible reality sets in. After the 25 percent tariff went into effect in November, U.S. wine imports from Europe fell by half over previous months. Over the same period, China’s imports of French wine rose 26 percent. If European winemakers can shift their export focus, they might avoid the U.S. tariff pain and grow their market share in emerging economies while U.S. wine drinkers are left to abstain or drown their sorrow over higher prices.

Let’s all hope the issue is resolved and tariffs removed long before Beaujolais Nouveau Day in November.

_______________________________________________________________

Alice Calder

Alice Calder received her MA in Applied Economics at GMU. Originally from the UK, where she received her BA in Philosophy and Political Economy from the University of Exeter, living and working internationally sparked her interest in trade issues as well as the intersection of economics and culture.

This article originally appeared on TradeVistas.org. Republished with permission.

cements
Archives, Global Trade Daily, News

Turkey’s Cement Additives Market Rose 3.6% to Reached $637 in 2018

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IndexBox has just published a new report: ‘Turkey – Prepared Additives For Cements, Mortars Or Concretes – Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends And Insights’. Here is a summary of the report’s key findings.

The revenue of the prepared additives for cements market in Turkey amounted to $637M in 2018, growing by 3.6% against the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers’ margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). Overall, prepared additives for cements consumption continues to indicate strong growth. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2010 when the market value increased by 38% y-o-y. Prepared additives for cements consumption peaked in 2018 and is likely to continue its growth in the near future.

Production in Turkey

Prepared additives for cements production in Turkey stood at 1.2M tonnes in 2018, surging by 7.9% against the previous year. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements production continues to indicate a buoyant expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2012 when production volume increased by 25% year-to-year. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements production reached its peak figure volume in 2018 and is expected to retain its growth in the near future.

In value terms, prepared additives for cements production amounted to $632M in 2018 estimated in export prices. Overall, prepared additives for cements production continues to indicate a resilient increase. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2010 when production volume increased by 38% year-to-year. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements production attained its peak figure level in 2018 and is expected to retain its growth in the near future.

Exports from Turkey

In 2018, the exports of prepared additives for cements, mortars or concretes from Turkey totaled 77K tonnes, going up by 20% against the previous year. In general, prepared additives for cements exports continue to indicate a prominent increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2011 when exports increased by 122% year-to-year. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements exports reached their maximum in 2018 and are expected to retain its growth in the near future.

In value terms, prepared additives for cements exports amounted to $35M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018. Overall, the total exports indicated strong growth from 2007 to 2018: its value increased at an average annual rate of +10.6% over the last eleven-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2018 figures, prepared additives for cements exports decreased by -7.4% against 2014 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2011 when exports increased by 53% against the previous year. Exports peaked at $38M in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

Georgia (16K tonnes), Free Zones (12K tonnes) and Iraq (12K tonnes) were the main destinations of prepared additives for cements exports from Turkey, with a combined 52% share of total exports.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of exports, amongst the main countries of destination, was attained by Free Zones, while exports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest markets for prepared additives for cements exported from Turkey were Iraq ($7M), Georgia ($5.6M) and Cyprus ($3M), together accounting for 44% of total exports. These countries were followed by Free Zones, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Ethiopia, Bulgaria, Iran, the United Arab Emirates and Libya, which together accounted for a further 32%.

Iran experienced the highest growth rate of the value of exports, in terms of the main countries of destination over the period under review, while exports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2018, the average prepared additives for cements export price amounted to $458 per tonne, dropping by -5.1% against the previous year. Overall, the prepared additives for cements export price continues to indicate an abrupt downturn. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2010 an increase of 30% against the previous year. In that year, the average export prices for prepared additives for cements, mortars or concretes reached their peak level of $1,021 per tonne. From 2011 to 2018, the growth in terms of the average export prices for prepared additives for cements, mortars or concretes remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was Ethiopia ($1,070 per tonne), while the average price for exports to Free Zones ($164 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was recorded for supplies to Ethiopia, while the prices for the other major destinations experienced more modest paces of growth.

Imports into Turkey

In 2018, the amount of prepared additives for cements, mortars or concretes imported into Turkey amounted to 5.3K tonnes, lowering by -63.4% against the previous year. Overall, prepared additives for cements imports continue to indicate a deep reduction. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2008 with an increase of 73% y-o-y. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements imports reached their peak figure at 20K tonnes in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, imports failed to regain their momentum.

In value terms, prepared additives for cements imports totaled $8.8M (IndexBox estimates) in 2018. Over the period under review, prepared additives for cements imports continue to indicate a perceptible reduction. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2008 when imports increased by 80% y-o-y. Imports peaked at $29M in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2018, imports remained at a lower figure.

Imports by Country

France (1.7K tonnes), Germany (1.1K tonnes) and Italy (361 tonnes) were the main suppliers of prepared additives for cements imports to Turkey, together comprising 61% of total imports. These countries were followed by Canada, Slovakia, Belgium, Russia, the UK, India, the Netherlands and Romania, which together accounted for a further 28%.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of imports, amongst the main suppliers, was attained by Romania (+57.9% per year), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, France ($2.9M), Germany ($2.4M) and Italy ($796K) constituted the largest prepared additives for cements suppliers to Turkey, together comprising 69% of total imports. Canada, Slovakia, Belgium, Russia, India, the UK, Romania and the Netherlands lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 19%.

Romania (+53.6% per year) recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, among the main suppliers over the period under review, while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The average prepared additives for cements import price stood at $1,666 per tonne in 2018, surging by 50% against the previous year. Over the period from 2007 to 2018, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.9%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 an increase of 50% y-o-y. In that year, the average import prices for prepared additives for cements, mortars or concretes reached their peak level and is likely to continue its growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major supplying countries. In 2018, the country with the highest price was Italy ($2,203 per tonne), while the price for the Netherlands ($477 per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2018, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Germany, while the prices for the other major suppliers experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform